Sleck



ELECTRICALSYSIEMv APPLICATION min ocizs, 1920,), 1 1,426,923.

Patented A- iz 192-2.

Inventor. Robert, StecK. s 4% 4 h His Attorney.

UNITED STATES PATENT errce.

ROBERT STECK, or FORT VJAYNE, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR TO onnn rnnnnncrnro COMPANY, A connonn'rionon NEW YORK.

ELECTEIGAL SYSTEM.

Specificationcf Letters Patent. Patent d A 0 22 1922 Applicatimrfikd'Oetoher 26,;1920. Serial No. 419,657.

To .aZZ. whom z'zf-may concern:

Be it known thatI, ROBERT Srncn, a. citizen of the United States,.residing at Fort lllayne, county, otAllen, State-0t Indiana, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Electrical. Svstemaof which the following is a specification.

.My invention relates to electrical systems and'particularly. to systems in which :1 Phiralit-y of. translation circuits are supplied with electricallenergy from a single. dynamo. electric machine;

. lvlyinvention, is'ran improvementon the electrical system shown in my co'pending application, SerialNo. 419,689 filed October 26, 1920, and assigned to the same as signee as this application. In my copending application there is disclosed an electrical system commonly known as a farm light ing system which comprises a power and lighting circuit, a storage battery adapted to supply energy to said circuit, an internal combustion engine and a dynamo electric machine arranged to operate as a motor to crank the engine and to bedriven by the engine as a generator to suppl current to charge the battery and to supply current to the power and lighting circuit whilethe battery is being charged.

In the system shown in my above-mentioned copending application the alvnamo electric machine while arranged and constructcd so that the copper loss in the field windings is relative]; small when operating asa-generator. has arelatively small cranking torque while operating asa motor and a complicated control equipment is neccssarv to change the connections in order to increase its cranking torque when being operated asa motor. 7

One object of my invention is ioprovide in an electrical system of the type reterred to, a dynamo electric machine arranged and constructed so that a very simple control equi nnent is required in order that it may develop a large torque while operating as a motor. so that it will have a small copper loss while operating as a generator, and so that the voltage. impressed upon the power and lighting circuit remains constantirrespective oi the load upon. this circuit and the amount Ojli current being supplied to the battery, and the voltage impressed upon the battery terminals, which is higher than that impressed across the power and lighting circuit,- varies so as. to give the battery a suitable ta er.-charge.,;. i

I Another. object. of my invention is to. provide in an electrical ,systemiof the typerererred. to, an. arrangement. whereby. theifvoltage impressed across the battery terminals is automatically. variedwhen the load connected' to the, powenand lighting circuit e2? ceeds a: predetermined: value, while the bat: tery is bein charged so. that-thehattery and the :generaton Willoperate inparall'elj to epnlr r en to. th newer n klighting circuit. i i I 'r V j. My invention. will..heibe.tter u r tood from the following description taken. i'n eon; nection with the accompanying drawings and. itsscope, will. be pointed: out; ink the appended claiins.

Refenring to the. drawings; lligi l, illus trates one embodiment .offrny invention; .and

Fig. 2f illustnatesa modification, (scare arrangement. shown, inli 1g. 1.,

Referring to Fig, l of-the drawings; 1 represents a, prime' mover such, as any of the well knowntypesof internal-combustion en ines connected to a. dynamo. electricfmachine 2, which i'sadapted, to. operate eitheras a generator or as a; motor. This machine isprovided witli laii armature 3 having" a twopole armature windinlgglwound thereon, a commutator 4' on whichbear the brushes 5 ancl 6,' wl1icl1 are s'pacedjlSO'electrical degrees apart, and a third brush 7 located between the 180 degree brushes, and a field magnet structure having; two sets of me hanical field poles 8-8 and 9-.9" surrounding the armature 3.

It will. lie observedthat the number of im-chanieal field poles is twice the number otpoles ofthe armature winding and this relation may be broadly expressed, by say.- iug that the machine has anm pole armature and a. field, structure having 2 12 mechanical poles. The mechanical field poles are arran ed in two setswith anequa-l number of poles in.ea,ch set and so that certain adjacent poles of the-sets are of'like polarity. In the arrangement sliown the poles 9-9 are excited by the excitingwinding 10 which is connected across. the brushes 5 and 7 and the field poles 9 f) are excited by the exciting winding ll which is also connected across the brushes 5 and 7. These windings are so armugedthat the poles S and'Qand the poles S and 9 areof like polarity. In

order to simplify the drawings, I have shown the windings on a set of poles as being wound on only one pole of the set but in the actual machine the windings are preterably equally distributed on all the poles of a set.

The brushes 5, 6 and .7 and the sets of poles 8-8 and 9 9' are so arranged with respect to each other that the voltage between brushes 5 and 7 depends upon the flux in the set/of poles 8-8 only, and the voltage between the 180 degree brushes 5 and 6 depends upon the flux in both sets of poles. Since the poles89 are of like polarity and the poles 8 and 9 are of like polarity, the voltage between brushes 5 and 6 is equal to the voltagedeveloptad between the brushes 5 and 7 plus the voltage developed between the brushes 7 and 6. The armature winding is so arranged that when the armature 3 is rotated in the direction indicatedby the arrow, the brush 5 is the positive brush and the current flowing through the armature winding between brushes 5 and 6 produces a cross-magnetizing magnetomotive force AR which is substantially in line with the brushes 5 and 6 and which may be resolved into two components, AD which is in the same direction as the magneto-motive force of the exciting winding 10 on the set of poles 8-8 and AE which is in opposition to the magnetomotive force of the exciting winding 11. on the set of poles 99. The current flowing through the armature winding between brushes 5 and 7 only also produces a crossmagnetizing magnetomotive 'force in line with the component AE of the cross-magnetizing magnetomotive force AB. The polar arc embraced by the set of poles 88' is considerably greater than that embraced by the set of poles 9-9, as the voltage required to be developed between the brushes 5 and 7 is considerably greater than that required to he developed between brushes 7 and 6.

15 represents a storage battery which is adapted to be charged with current supplied from the machine 2 through conductors 16 and 17 which are connected to the'hrushes 5 and 6 respectively. A field winding 18 on the set of poles 88 is connected in series with the conductor 16 and is arranged to produce a magnetomotive force in the same direction as the magnetomotive force 4 of the exciting winding 10 when the machine is operating as a generator. A field winding 19 which is connected in series with the conductor 17 is also provided on the set of poles 88' and is arranged to produce a magnetomotive force in opposition to the magnctomotive force of the exciting winding 10 when the machine is operating as a generator.

A power and lighting circuit 21 which requires a substantially constant voltage to be impressed thereon and which is shown as a lamp circuit is connected so as to be supplied with current irom the battery 15 when the battery is not being charged and to be supplied with current from the dynamo electric machine 2 through conductors 16 and 22, which are connected to the brushes 5 and 7 respectively, when the battery is being charged. Since the voltage generated between the brushes 5 and 6 is equal to the voltage between the brushes 5 and 7 plus the voltagebetween the brushes 7 and 6, it will be evident that the voltageimpressed upon the power and lighting circuit 21 is less than that impressed upon the battery 15.

In series which the conductor 16, I provide a currentresponsive device'30 which is adapted to operate when the current through it exceeds a predetermined valve to open a circuit through contacts 31, which are connected to the terminals of a' resistance 32 in series with the excitingwinding 11 on the set of poles 99.

Any suitable means may be provided for controlling the starting andstopping of the engine 1 and the. connections between the battery 15, the power and lighting circuit 21 and the dynamo electric machine 2. The particular arrangement shown comprises an automatic switch 24 having a shunt winding 25, which is adapted to be connected across the battery 15 through contacts 35 of a manually operated starting switch 26, and a series winding 27 connected in series with the conductor 16. The switch 24; in its open position completes a circuit connecting the power and lighting circuit 21 directly across the battery 15. In the closed position of the automatic switch 24 this circuit is broken and the circuits hereinafter described between the brushes 5 and 7 and the power and lighting circuit. 21 and between the brushes 5 and 6 and the battery 15 are completed. A circuit for the ignition coil 28 is also completed across the conductors 16 and 17 when the switch 21 is closed.- A spring 29 is provided to restore the switch 24 to its open position when the windings 25 and 27 are deenergized. The starting switch 26 is also arranged to complete a circuit through contact 36 in order to short circuit the series field winding 18 and the coil 30 while the machine is operating as a motor.

The operation of the system shown in Fig. 1 is as follows: When the engine is idle, the apparatus occupies the position shown in the drawing and current is supplied from the battery 15 directly to the power and lighting circuit 21 through contacts of the switch 24. lVhen it is desired to run the machine 2 to supply current to charge the battery 15, the starting switch 26 is closed thereby allowing current to flow from the positive side of the battery 15 throughcontacts 35, the shunt winding 25. of the autoniaticswitch 2% tothe negative side of the battery. Switch 2%; thereupon closes and completes a circuit from the positive side of thc'hattery 15 through the series winding- 270i" the automatic switch 24, contacts 36, conductor 16, brush :3, armature winding of the dynamo electric machine 2, brush 6, series field winding 19, conductor 17, to the negative side of the battery. Current also flows from the positive side of the battery to the positive brush 5 over the circuit above traced then through the field winding 10, and through the field winding 11 and contacts 31, to the conductor 22, then through brush 7, armature winding of the dynamo electric machine, brush 6, field winding 19, conductor 17' to the negative side of -the battery. Current also flows from the positive side of the battery, through the power and lighting-circuit 21, conductor 22 and then to the negative side of the battery through the circuit above described. Current also flows through the ignition coil 28, the circuit: of which is completed through contacts 87 of the automatic switch 24:.

Since the series field winding 19 is wound so as to act differentially with the exciting winding 10 when the machine is acting as a generator this winding acts aocumulatively with the exciting winding 10 when the machine is acting as a motor. Since the field winding 18 is wound so as to act accumulatively with the exciting winding 10 when the machine is acting as a generator it would act differentially withthe exciting winding if it remained connected in series with the conductor-l6 while the machine is operating as a motor. Therefore, in order to have a large cranking torque, it is desirable to either short circuit, reverse or change the connections of this field winding in any suitable manner so that it does not tend to decrease the flux in the set of poles S-8' while the machine is operating as a motor. In the arrangement illustrated, I have shown the starting switch 26 as being arranged to short circuit the field winding 18 through contacts 36 when the switch is in its closed position. It may be desirable not to operate the-relay 30 while the machine is operating as a motor, and therefore I have arranged the starting switch so that it short circuits the winding of this relay through contacts 36.

The current flowing through the armature winding, while the machine is operating as a motor, produces a cross magnetizing magnetomotive force in line with the brushes 5 and-6 which-is in the opposite direction to the cross-magnetizing magnetomotive force All. and this cross-magnetizing magnetomotive force may be resolved into two com ponents, one whichis in opposition. to the magnetomotive torceofthe exciting winding 10 on the set of poles 8-8, and another component which is in the same direction as the magnetomotive force of the exciting winding '11: on; the set Iofpoles- 99. The component oi the cross-magnetizing mag-- nctomotive force whichis inopposition to the magnetomotive force of the exciting winding 10 is more. than. counterbalanced by the-magnetomotive force of the series winding 19. Therefore, it will be seen that the machine acts as an accumulatively wound motor and develops a very-high-torque for cranking the engine.

When theengine .begins to operate the speed of the armature 3yincreases and the machine acts as agenerator'tmsnpply cur rent to the power; andlighting circuit 21 and to the battery .15.. The voltageadevet oped hetween 'thebrushes- ;5 and; 7 isrim pressed upon therpolwer and lighting circuit and the voltage developed abetweenqthe brushes 51an'd.6 which is equal to the voltage developedbetweenfbrushes 5 and 7 plus the voltage developedbetween.the'brushes 6 and 7 is impressed-upon thebatteryl5.

Theengine is preferably provided. with governing K163118015 any suitable type, whereby the speed ,thereofremains substantially constant. As soon as the machine 2 begins to operate as aggenerator current flows through the series-winding27 ofthev automatic switch so thatit acts accumulatively with the shunt winding; 25'. The starting switch 2-6, which is held closed until: the engine starts, may then, be released and the automatic switch will remain in its closed position as long as the current through the coil 27 exceeds-a predetermined-value. ,The 1.05 shunt coil 25 is so designed that. the ampere turns thereof exceed the amperet-urns of the coil 27 while the,battery is supplying current to the machine to operate it as a mot'or thereby keeping the, switch 24; closed during this operation. When the starting switch 26 is released theshort circuit around the series field. winding 18 and the coil 30 is opened so that allot the cur-rentflowing through conductor 16 also flows through the winding 18 and the coil 30.

Since the component AE'ot the crossmagnetizing inagnetomotive force AR due to the battery charging current flowing through the armature winding is in opposition to the magnetomotive force of the exciting winding llrit will be evident that the flux in the set of poles 9-9 will vary inversely with the battery charging current. .ll'ieretore,with the=arrangement shown, the voltage impressed across the'battery terminals is a inin-iniumat the beginning of the charge when the current input into the batterv is large. As the battery becomes charged and the charging current decreases the voltage developed by the flux in the set of poles 9-9 increases and, therefore, the voltage impressed across the terminals of the battery increases. Therefore, it will be evident that, with the connections as shown, I am able to give the battery a suitable'taper charge without any series field winding on the set of poles 9-9. 1 r

Y Since the machine runs'at asubstantially constant speed *the flux set up in the set of poles 8-8 by the exciting winding 10 is substantially constant and therefore the voltage developed between the brushes 5 and 7 remains substantially constant. In order to compensate for the resistance drop in the power and lighting circuit as the load thereof varies, I connect this circuit so that the current supplied thereto flows through the se-' ries field winding 18 provided on the set of poles 8-8 and which acts accumulatively with the excitin winding 10. In order to counterbalance the component AD of the armature cross-magnetizing magnetomotive force AR in line with the set of poles 8-8 due to the battery charging current, I connect the battery so that the charging current supplied thereto flows through the series field winding 18 and also through the series field winding 19 on the set of poles 8-8 which acts differentially with the exciting winding 10. By connecting the battery in this manner so that the magnetomotive force of the series field winding 18 is in opposition to the magnetomotive force of the series field winding 19, the number of turns in the series field winding 19 can be made greater than if the battery charging current v traversed this winding only. This increase in the number of turns in the winding 19 results in an increase of torque when the machine is being operated as a motor as the winding 19 aids the field winding 10 at that time. The number of turns of the series coil 19 exceeds the number in series field winding 18 by an amount sufficient to balance enough of the component AD of the crossmagnetizing magnetomotive force AR to maintain the voltage between brushes 5 and 7 constant as the battery charging current varies.

As the charge of the battery '15 increases, the current through the series winding 27 of the switch 24 decreases until a point is reached where the spring 29 overpowers the magnetic pull of the winding 27. Switch 24 thereupon opens and disconnects the positive brush from the battery 15 and the power and lighting circuit 21. Switch 24 also opens the circuit of the ignition coil 28 to stop the engine 1 and connects the power and lighting circuit 21 directly across the battery 15 thereby restoring the apparatus to its idle condition.

.VVhen the load on the power and lighting circuit is of such a value while the battery is being charged, that the load on the generator exceeds the capacity of the generator it is very desirable -to secure multiple operation of the generator and the battery. In order, however, to'secure-a proper division of load between the battery and generator it is essential that the voltage'at the terminals of the two be the same. :The' machine shown in Fig. 1 is particularly adapted for "accomplishing this result beca'uselthe characterisof the generatoris such that any variation in load on the power and lighting circuit is accompanied by a variation in thecurrent supplied to the battery. This will be evident from the fact that as the load on the power and lighting circuit increases the fiux in set of poles 9-9 decreases due to thecrossmagnetizing ,magnetomotive force 7 produced by the power and lighting current fiowing in, the armature winding -'between brushes 5.and 7. Therefore, the voltage impressed on the battery-and consequently the charging, current decreases as the load on the power and lighting circuit increases. When the load on.,the.power and lighting circuit reaches a certain value, determined bythe design of the machine, the flux in the set of poles 9-9 is zero andno voltage is developed between brushes 6 and 7 of the machine. If the condition of the battery is such at this time that the voltage thereof is equal to the voltage across the terminals 5 and-6, the battery will supply the greater part of any additional load which may be connected to the power and lighting circuit. If, however, the voltage of the battery is lower than that being maintained across the power and light circuit, when the flux in the set of poles 9-9 is zero, it will be necessary for the load on the power and lighting circuit to increase to a larger value before the battery and generator will operate in multiple to supply current to the power and lighting circuit because it will be necessary to reverse the direction of flux in the set of poles 9-9 so that sufficient voltage will be generated in the proper direction between brushes 6 and 7 to make the voltage of the battery circuit equal to the voltage being generated between brushes 5 and 7. Therefore, with this arrangement it is possible by sufiiciently loading the power and lighting circuit to make the-battery operate in multiple with the generator to supply current to power and lighting circuit.

It is desirable, however, to be able to accomplish this parallel operation of the battery and generator at any predetermined load, and I am able to obtain this desired result by means of the relay 30 which has its coil connected inj series with the conductor 16 so that all of the current supplied by the generator flows'through this coil. The contacts 31 of the relay 30 normally short circuit the resistance 32 which is connected in series with the field winding 11.

The relay is so adjusted that until the current supplied by the generator exceeds a predetermined w-"alue, the relay does not operate to open the short circuit around the iuagnetoinotive force of the-field winding is so decreased that the battery will supply a-portion ot-the load connected to the power and lighting circuit. {Just as soon as the battery begins to dischargeythe loadon thegenerator-decreases so that relay 30 will close thereby short circuiting the resistancev 32 in the circuit of' the -field winding-l1. Thereupon the'battery will stop discharging and the current through the-coil'ot the relay will again exceed the predetermined value so that the above'cycl'e of operation is repeated. It -will be apparent that the relay 30 will-bein a stated constant vibration when the load on pow'erand lighting circuit exceedsthe vpredetermined value and that the time duringwhich-thecontacts31 are bridged will depend upon the magnitude of the load.- Therefore, it will be evident that by means of the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, I am-enabled to obtainthe full discharge capacity ofthe-battery in parallel with generator ,Wtlth'Ollt t Sim-p airmeut of the voltage regu'lationon the'power.

and lighting cireuit-asthe voltage impressed upon the power and lighting'circuit'is-maintainejd constant'in the manner above described. While it is-true thatthe ciu'rent-through the series winding 19 reverses When-the battery and generator are, operating in multiple. the magnetomotive force of this winding is substantially neutralized by the cross-magnetizing magnetomotive force .pro-

ducedby the battery current flowing through the armature winding between brushes 7 and 6 and therefore the voltage impressed 'on the power and lighting circuit remains substantially constant. p 7

In the arrangement shown in Fig-2 which is a modification of the-arrangement shown in Fig. 1, I connect the series field winding 18 in series with the conductor QQ instead of in series with the conductor 16 so that the power and lighting current only flows through this winding. By connecting this field winding in this manner, it is not necessary to provide'means for changing the connection thereof when the -machine is being.

operated as a motor. The-number of turns in this winding is such that the -magnetomotive force set up by the power and-lighting current flowing through it just compensates for the resistance drop in this circuit.

It is believed that-the operation otthearrangement shown in Fig. 2 will beobvious from the description of-the operation-of-the arrangement'show-n in Fig. l, and, therefore, a detail descriptionthereot is deemed unnecessary. lt'will be evident-that, with-the arrangement shown in this figure, proper voltage regulation on the'power and lighting circuit 2'l is obtained, as the'curre'nt I therein varies, bymeans-of-the series field winding 18 ion the set of poles 8''8. As the battery current varies-the proper voltage is maintained on therpo'wer and lighting circuit 21 by the combined efi'ectot' -the series fieldwi-nding 19 on-the set-0t poles 8 -8 and the component ADpfthecros's- -magnetizing magnetomotive force AR :in' line wltlrthis-set ot-poles, the two being'in opposition. Proper voltage regulation on the battery circuit is obtained in the same w-ay as-in Fig. 1-

lViththe-arrangementshown in this figure the series winding 19 on the set of poles 8 8 acts tin-opposition to the exciting winding 10 Whilethe niachin'e isoperatlng -as-'a generator and therefore acts accumulatively when the machine is being operated as a anotor; Since the number oat turns required on the series winding 19 in order to obtain thedesi-red voltage regulation i'srel'atively small, it maybe desirable to wind these windings with a-relatively-larger number-of turns so-as to increase the torque developed While the-machine isacting as a motor and to provide suitable --apparatus tor-short circuiting a portionof these turns While the machine is operating asa generator so as to obtain-the desired voltage regulation. In the arrangement'shown'in Fig. 2, I accomplish this result by means of contacts 88 on the starting-switch '26 \vhich-are arranged to short circuita portion of the series 'field winding l9 vvhen the switch QG-is in its open position. The coil of relay 30 is not short circuited in this figure when the starting switch is closed. I

It is apparent-t1] at while Ihave shown and d escribed-two modifications ofmy invention, various other modifications and oh anges may be made without departing from 'the spirit of my invention, andtherefdre I desire to cover in theappended claims'a ll such -modifi-' cations and-changes which fall within the spirit and scope of my invention.

What I claim as newand dcsire'to secure by Letters Patent ofthe United States, is:

'1. A n electrical system comprising an inherently regulated self-excited dynamo electric machine having an m pole armature winding and a field structure comprising 2 2* mechanical field poles arranged in two sets with an equal numher of poles in each set,

ranged with respect to said poles so that the voltage betweensaidbrushes is dependent on the flux in both of said sets of poles,'the third brush being arranged with respect to said poles so that the voltage between said third brush" and one of said 180 degree brushes is dependent on the"'fiu'x in one only of said sets of poles, atranslation circuit connected to said 180 degree brushes, a second translation circuit connected to be supplied at the F voltage "induced byone of said sets of poles only; an excitingwinding for the set of poles last mentioned connected across said second translation-circuit, the machine beingconstructed and arranged so'that the current-"flowing inJtlie armature winding b'etween said"l80 fdegree-brushes produces in the set-of poles 'last mentioned a inagneto- C P a: n Fil/HLL XBLC 1,426,923

armature, two of said brushes beingspaced substantially 180 electrical degrees apart and arranged with respect to said poles so that the voltage between said brushes is dc pendent on the flux in both of said sets of poles, the third bruslrbeing arranged with motive force in the same direction as the winding and: a field structure comprising 2n with an equalnui'nbefdfpolesin each set,

'certain'ad-jacent poles of the separate sets being "arranged"to be"oflike 'polarity, at

least threebrushes cooperating with said armature, two ofsaidbrushes being spaced and arranged'with 'respect'to'said poles so that the voltage" between said brushes is dependent onthe 'fiux in both of said sets of pdles,tlre"third'brush being arranged with respect to said poles so'that the voltage between said third brush and one of said 180' degree brushes is dependent -on the flux in one only of said-sets of poles, a translation circuit connected to said 180 degree brushes, a second translation circuit connected to be supplied at the voltage induced by one of said sets of poles only, an-exciting winding for each set of poles, the machine being constructed and arranged so that the current flowing in the armature winding between said 180 degree brushes produces in the set of poles inducingthewoltage supplied to said second translation circuit a magnetometivetorce in the-same direction as the magnetomotire force of the exciting winding therefor, and produces in the other set of magnetomotiveforce of said exciting wind 5 herently electric machine having an a pole armature substantially 180 electrical degrees apart poles a magnetomotive force in opposition to the magnetomotive force of the exciting winding therefor.

3. An electrical system comprising an inherently regulated self-excited dynamo electric machine having 'an n pole armature winding and a field structure comprising 2n mechanical field poles arranged in two sets with an equal number of poles in each set, certain adjacent poles of the separate sets being arranged to be of like polarity, at

least three brushes cooperating with said" respect to said poles so that the voltage be tween said third brush and one of said 180 degree brushes is dependent on the flux in one only of said sets of poles, a translation circuit connected to said 180 degree brushes, a second translation circuit connected to be supplied at the voltage induced by one of said sets of poles only, in-exciting winding ''-for each ofsaid set of poles connected across said second translation circuit, the machine being "constructed andarran'ged so that the current flowing in the armature winding bi tween said 180 degree brushes produces in the setof'poles inducing the voltage supplied to said second translation circuit a magnetoinotive force in the same direction 'as'the magnetoinotive force of the exciting winding therefor, and produces in the other 'set of poles a niagnetoniotive force in opposition to the magnetoinotire force of the citing winding therefor.

4Q. An electrical system comprising an inregulated self-excited dynamo winding and a field structure comprising 2n mechanical field poles arranged in two sets witlran equal number of poles in each set, certain adjacent poles of the separate sets being arranged to be of like polarity, at least three brushes cooperating with said armature, two of said brushes being spaced substantially 180 electrical degrees apart and arranged with respect to said poles so that the voltage betwecen said lnushcs i depend cut on the flux in both of said sets of poles. the third brush being arranged with respect to said poles so that the voltage between said third brush and one of said 180 degree brushes is dependent on the flux in one only of said sets of poles. a translation circuit connected to said 180 degree brushes :1 sr-r-ond translation circuit connected to he supplied at the voltage induced by one of said sets of poles only,'an exciting winding for each of. said sct'of poles, said exciting windings being arranged so that the liii 'iiu!i t flux in the sets of poles is such as to cause both sets of poles to induce electroniotire forces in the same direction in the :xrinatnrc winding between said 180 degree brushes, the machine being constructed and arranged so that the current flowing in the armature winding betwen said 180 degree brushes pro- Hill BEST AVAELABLE CC in opposition to the ma'gn'etomotiv'e force'of thei'exciting Winding therefor.

5. An electrical system comprising an in herently regulated self excited dynamo electric machinehavi'ngjan a pole armature Winding and a field structure comprising 2n mechanical 'field pol's'ar'rangedin'two sets with anequal number 'o fpoles in 'eaehset, certain adjacent poles of the separate sets being arranged'to'be 'oflike polarity,at least three brushes cooperating with said armature, tu'ooi saidbrushesfbeingspaced substantially 1'80 electrical degrees apart and arranged with "resp ect' to 'lsaid poles so that the voltage between said bushes is de endent on the flux in both of said sets 'ot poles,-t'-he third brush beingnrrang ed with respect to said poles so that the 'vo'l't'age between said third brush and' one of 'said l stidlegre'e brushes dependenton' the flu'X 'in'one only of said sets "of poles, a translation circuit connected to"sa-id T80 degree-brushes, "a

' second translaition' circuit "connected to supplied at the voltagedndueedjby one"of said sets of poles nary, an exciting Winding for the set of poles "last mentioned"'co'nnected across one ofsa'id translation "circuits,

"the machine being constructed and arranged so thattlie currentiiowiii'gfin'the armature Winding betweensmdlSO' degree brushes'produces in the set. of poles last mentioned a "magnetoniotive force in' the "same direction as the 'magnetomotive 'foreebii said exciting Winding, and a winding connected in'series with said first mentioned translation'circuit and arranged to produce in the set of poles last "mentioned a magnetomoti've force in opposition to the magnet-emotive force of said exciting Winding.

6. An-electrical system comprising an inherently regulated self-excited dynamo electric machine having an a pole armature windingand a field structure comprising 2n mechanical field poles arranged in two sets with anequal number of poles in'each set,

certain adjacent poles 'of the separate sets being arranged to be of like polarity, at least three brushes cooperating with said armature, two of said brushes beingspaced substantially 180 electricai degreesapai't and arranged with respect 'to said :polcs so that the voltage-between said brushes is dcpendout on the flux in botho'f'said'sets of poles, the thirdbrush being arranged with respect to said poles so that the voltage between said third brush and one of said 180 degree brushes is -dependenton'theflux inone only of said sets of poles, a translation circuit connected 'to said 180 degree "brushes, a second translation circuitconnected to be supplied at the voltage induced by one of said sets 'of poles only, anexciting Winding for the set of poles last mentioned connected across-one of 'saidtranslationcircuits, "the machine being constructedand arranged so substantially 180 electrical degrees apart poles last mentioned a magnetom'otive force n the same direction as the magnetomoti're force of said exciting windin 7. electri'cai system comprising an inherentl'y regulated self excited dynamo electric machine having an a pole armature winding and a 'field structure comprising 2a mechanical field poles arranged in two sets "witlran equalnu'r'ribe'rof poles in each set, certain adjace11'tpoles"of the separate sets being arrang'ed' to be'of like polarity,

at least {three brushes cooperating with said armature, two or said brushes' being spaced substantially 18 0 electrical -'degrees apart and arran etl withrespect" to-said "poles so "that volta e 'between said brushes is dependent-en the flux in b'othof said sets of poles, the third brush being arranged with respect to said poles s'o'th'at the voltage between said third brushand one of said 180 degree brushes is dependent on the flux in one only of said sets of poles, a translation circuit connected 'to s'aid 180 degree brushesfa second-translation circuit connected to be supplied at the voltage induced 'byoneof-saidsetsotpoles only, an exciting winding for each of-said set of poles connected across said second translation cir cuit, the machine "being constructed and arranged so that the'eurre'nt flowing in the armature Winding between said 180 degree brushes produces in the 'set of oles inducing 'the voltage supplied to said second translation circuit a magnetomotive force in the same'direc'tionas the magnetomotive force of the exciting Winding therefor and produces in the other set of poles a mag netomotive force in opposition to the magnetomotive force of the exciting winding therefor, and a winding connected inseries with said first mentioned translation circuit andarranged to'produce'in the set of poles inducing the voltage supplied to said secand translation circuit a magne'tomot-ive force in opposition to the 'magnetomotive force of the exciting winding therefor.

8. An-e'lectriea l system comprising an inherently regulated'self-e'xcited dynamo electric machine ha ing an n pole 'farmature winding and afield structure comprising 2% mechanical-field poles arranged in two sets with "an equal number of poles in each set, certain adjacent *pol'e's of the separate sets beingarranged to be of like polarity, at least three brushes cooperating with said armature, two-ofsaid brushes being spaced and arranged with respect to said poles so that the voltage between said brushes is tlQpellClQdlt on the liux in both of said sets of poles, the third brush being arranged with respect to said poles so that the voltage between said third brush and one of said" 180 degree brushes is dependent on the flux in one only of said sets of poles, a translation circuit connected to said 180 degree brushes a second translation circuit connectcd to be supplied atthe voltage induced by one of said sets of poles only, an exciting winding for each of said set of poles connected across said second translation circuit, the machine being constructed and arranged so that the current flowing in the armature winding between said 180 degree brushes produces in the set of poles inducing the. voltage supplied, to said second translation circuit a inagnetoniotive force in the same direction as the magnetomotive force of the exciting winding therefor, and produces in the other set of poles a magnetomotive force in opposition to;the magnetomotive force of exciting winding therefor, and a winding connected in series with said second mentioned translation circuit and arranged to produce in .the set of poles inducing the voltage supplied to said second translation circuit a niagnetoinot-ive force in the same direction as the magnetomotive force of the exciting winding therefor;

9. An electrical system comprising an inherently regulated self-excited dynamo electric machine having an n pole armature winding and a field structure comprising 2% mechanical field poles arranged in two sets with an equal number of poles in each set, certain adjacent poles of the separate sets being arranged to be of like polarity, at least three brushes cooperating with said armature, two of said brushes being spaced substantially 1S0 electrical degrees apart and arranged with respect to said poles so that the voltage between said brushes is dependent on the flux in both of said sets of poles, the third brush being arranged with respect to said poles so that the voltage between said third brush and one of said 180 degree brushes is dependent on the flux in one only of said sets of poles, at translation circuit connected to said 180 degree brushes a second translation circuit connected to be supplied at the voltage induced by one of said sets of poles only, an exciting winding for each of said set of poles connected across said second translation circuit, said exciting windings being arranged so that the direction of flux in the sets of poles is such as to cause both sets of poles to induce electromotive forces in the same direction in the armature winding between said 180 degree brushes, the machine being constructed and arranged so that the current flowing in the armature winding between said 180 degree brushes produces in the set of poles inducing the voltage supplied to said second translation circuit a magnetornotive force in the same direction as the magnetoinotive force of the exciting winding therefor, and produces in the other set of poles a magnetomotive force in opposit-ion to the 'magnetomotive force ofthe exciting winding therefor, and a winding connected in series'with said first mentioned translation circuit and arranged to produce in the set of oles inducing the voltage supplied to saic second translation circuit a lnagnetomotive force opposition to the magnetomotive force of the exciting winding therefor. i

10. An electrical system comprising an inherently regulated self-excited dynamo ele tric machine having an n pole armature wind ng and a field structure comprising 2n mnechamcal field poles arranged in two sets .with an equal number of poles in each set, certain adjacent poles of the separate sets being arranged to be of like polarity, at least three brushes cooperating with said armature, two of said brushes being spaced substantially 180 electrical degrees apart and arrangedwith respect to said poles so that the voltage between said brushes is dependent on the flux in both of said sets of poles, the third brush being arranged with respect tosaidpoles so that the voltage between said third brush and one of said 180 degree brushes is dependent on the flux in one only of said sets of poles, a translation circuit connected to said 180 degree brushes, a second translation circuit connected to be supplied at the voltage induced by one of said sets of poles only, an exciting winding for each of said set of poles connected across said second translation circuit, said exciting windings being arranged so that the direction of flux in the sets of poles is such as to cause both sets of poles to induce electro-motive forces in the same direction in the armature winding between said 180 degree brushes, the machine being constructed and arranged so that the currentfiowing in the armature winding be tween said 180 degree brushes produces in the set of poles inducing the voltage supplied to said second translation circuit a inagnetomotive force in the same direction as the inagnetomotive force of the exciting winding therefor and produces in the other set of poles a magnetomotive force in opposition to the magnetornotive force of the exciting winding therefor, and a winding connected in series with said second mentioned translation circuit and arranged to produce in the set of poles inducing the voltage supplied to said second translation circuit a magnetonlotive force in the same direction as the magnetomotive force of the excitlng winding therefor.

"11. An electrical system comprising i an inherently regulated self-excited dynamo electric machine having. an-mpole armature windinguand afield structure comprising 211,

mechanicalfield polesarranged in two sets with an equal number of poles in each set, certain adjacentpoles otthe separatesets beingrarranged' to be of like polarity, at least three brushes cooperating: with said armature, two of said brushes being spaced substantially 180 electrical degrees apart and arranged with respect: to said poles so thatthevoltagebetween said brushes isdependent on :the fli'ix in-bothof said'sets oi poles,'-tlie third brush-being arrangedwith respect =to'said poles so that the voltage; be-

arrangedw-sothat the current flowingin the armature-winding betweensaid 180'. degree brushes produces in the set of poles induci n the voltagersupphe'd'to said second translation-'clrouit-a inagnetomotive force in .the

saline: direction as the-magnetornotive force of the -excitin'g. windingi therefor and pro-- duces in: the other set 'of-poles amagnetonio-- 0: tive force: in opposition to the-1nagnetomo-" tive fQIQG: of the exciting winding therefor; a-winding-connected in series with said first mentionedtranslation circuit and arranged to produce in the set of poles inducing the voltage supplied to said second translation circuita nlagn'etomoti've force in opposition to the-magnetomotive force'of-the exciting winding-therefor, and a winding connected in 'serles' With said second mentioned translation circuit and 'arranged to produce in thesetof poles inducing=the---voltage supplied to said second translation circuit a magnetomotiveforce in the same direction as the magnetoinotive force ofthe exciting- Winding therefor.-

12. An electrical system comprising-aninherently regulated self-excited dynamo electric machine having an 'lt pole armature winding and a field StPHCtUIG'GOmPIiSiHg-277/ 0' mechanical field poles arranged in two sets with-an equal number'of poles in'each set,

certain adjacent poles of the separate sets being'arranged to be of like polarityg at least three brushes cooperating with said '65: armature -twoof said brushes being spaced substantially-180 electrical degrees'apartan'd arranged with respect to said polesso thatthe voltage between saidbrushes is dependent on the flux inboth-of said sets-of poles,- the third brush being arranged with I respect to saidpoles so that the-voltagebetweenv said third'brusl-i and oneof said 180-degree brushes is dependent on the fiux-in-oneonly of saidsets of poles, a translation-circuit includin'ga battery connected to said-180 de gree brushes, a second translation circuitc0n-; nected to-be supplied at the Voltage induced" by one of; saidsets of -poles only, iantexcitm ingwinding-for eaoh setot'poles a re'sis-i tance adaptedtobe connected iii-the circuit 5 of one of saidexciting windings, and meansresponsive :to an electrical condition of said system for controlling :the connection ofsaid 1 resistance in: said last unentioned; excitation circuit so that the batteryf and generatorcan supply energy to said 4 second -translaw tion circuit in -in-ultiple: 13"; Amelectrical system comprisingan! inherently-e regulated self-excited dynamo electric machine i-htwingEarim cleanmauisawinding and 'a field structure comprising 52w mechanical sfie'ld poles arranged in two tsets with- I an equal number 0fpolesi11 each set;- certain" adjacent poles of the separate ';s ets* being arranged to be of like polarity, at least three brushes cooperating. .with said earmature;- two of said brushes beingsspaced su b stantially 180- electrical :degreessapart' and arranged with respectto said =p'oles so that the voltage 'b'etweensai'd brushes is-depe'nda ent onthe 'flux in both of said sets of polesy the-third brush-being arranged 'with' respectto said poles so thatthe voltage between said 'third' brush: and one-ot said 180- degree: brushes is dependent onthe {flux in one only; of said-sets of-poles, a-transl ation 'cirouityin eluding a batter'y; connected to said 189 ide gr ee brushes, a second translation cireuitcon nected to be-sup'plied at-thewoltagezinducedbyzone of said sets of poles only-, an excitingt wi'ndingfor the set of'po'les iast-rnentio'ned; an -exciting winding for the otherf-set-of poles, a resistance adapted to beconnected in series 'with' said --last mentioned excitin'g.- winding iand ineansresponsive to a pre determinedcurrent outputof said-'machine for controlling the connection of said-resistance'in said excitation circuit so'that the battery and generator can supply. energy to said second translation circuit in: multiple.

lei. Anelectrical-system comprisingsan inherently, regulated self-excited dynamo electric machine ha-vin'gan n pole'arrn'ature' winding and a field structure comprisingEQn mechanical field poles arrangedin two sets with an equal number of poles in each set,- certain-ad -acent poles of the separate sets beingiarranged to be of like' polarity, at least three brushes cooperating, with said ar1nature,-two-of said brushes being spaced AVA LAB LE for the set-of poles last mentioned, an exciting winding for-the other set of poles, a resistance adapted: tobe connected in series with said *last mentioned exciting Winding, the machine :being constructed and arranged so that-the currentflowing in the armature 'winding between the z18O degree brushes =produces 'in said other-set or" poles a magnetomotive force in opposition to the magnetomotive*force of the exciting winding' therefor, and means responsive-to a predetermined electricalmonditionof said system igfor i controlling a the connection of said resistance in isa'id excitation circuit so that the'rba'ttery and generator can supply energy tosaid second translation circuit 1n multiplel 15: Anelectrical system comprising an inherently regulated self-excited dynamo electric" machine having an n pole armature winding and a fieldstructure comprising 2n mechanical field *poles arran'ged in two sets with-arrequal numberof poles in each set, certain adjacent: poles of the separate sets being arranged to be of lilie polarity, at least threevbrushes cooperating withvsaid armature, two of said brushes being spaced sub stantially 180 electrical degrees apart and arranged with respect to said poles so that the voltage between-said brushes is depende'ntbn-the flux in'both of saidsets of poles,-

the third brush being arranged with'respect to said poles so that the voltage between said third brush and one of said 180 degree brushes-is dependent on the flux in one only of said sets'of poles, a translation'circuit ineluding a battery connected'to said 180 degree brushes, a second translation circuit connected to be supplied at the voltage induced by one'ot said sets of poles only, an exciting winding for the other set of poles, a resistance adapted to be connected in series with said last mentioned exciting winding, said exciting windings being arranged so that the direction of flux in the sets of poles is such as to cause both sets of poles to induce voltages in the same direction in the arma ture winding between said 180 degree brushes, the machine being constructed and arranged so that the current flowing in the armature winding between the 180 degree brushes produces in said other set of poles a magnetomotive force in opposition to the magnetomotive force of the exciting winding therefor, and means responsive to a predetermined electrical condition of said system for controlling the connection of said resistance in said exciting circuit so that said battery and generator can supply energy to said second translation'circuit in multiple.

16. An electrical system comprising an inherently regulated self-excited dynamo electric machine having an n pole armature windingand a field structure comprising 2% mechanical field poles arranged in two sets withan equal number of poles in each set,-

adjacentpoles of separate sets being arranged to be of like polarity, at least three brushes cooperating with said armature, two of said brushes being spaced substantially 180 electrical degrees apart and arranged with respect to said poles so that the voltage between said brushesiiszdependent on the fiuxin both of said sets of poles, the third brush being-arranged'with respect to said polesso that-the voltage between 'saidthird brush and one of=said-l80 degree brushes is dependent on the flux in one only of said sets of poles, a translation circuit includingabattery-connected to -said -'180 degree brushes, .ai second translation circuit connected to be supplied at-thevolt-ageinduced by one ofsaid' sets of poles only, anexciting windlng for the set of poleslast mentioned, an exciting winding for the other set of poles, said exciting windings being arrangedso that the direction of flux-in the sets of poles is such as to cause both sets of poles to induce voltages int-the same direction in the armature winding-between said 180 degree brushes, and means responsive to a predetermined electrical condition of said system forvarying the excitation of said other set of poles so that said battery and generator can supply energy to said second translationcircuit in multiple 17. An electrical system comprising an inherently regulated self-excited dynamo elec tric machine having an n pole armature windin and a field structure comprising Q/n mechanical field poles arranged in two sets with an equal number of poles in each set, adjacent poles of separate sets being arranged to be of like polarity, at least three brushes cooperating with said armature, two of said brushes being spaced substantially 180 electrical degrees apart and arranged with respect to said poles so that the volt-age between said brushes is dependent on-"the flux in both of said sets of poles, the third brush being arranged with respect to said poles so that the voltage between said third brush and one of said 180 degree brushes is dependent on the flux in one only of said sets of poles, a translation circuit including a battery connected to said 180 degree brushes, a second translation circuit connected to be supplied at the voltage in duced by one of said sets of poles only, an exciting Winding for the set of poles last mentioned, an exciting Winding for the other set of poles, said exciting vindings being arranged so that the direction of flux in the sets of poles is such as to cause both sets of poles to induce voltages in the same direction in the armature Winding between said iSO degree brushes, said. machine being constructed and arranged so that the current flowing in the armature Winding between said 180 degree brushes produces in said other set of poles a magnetomotive force in opposition to the magnetomotive force of the exciting Winding therefor, and means responsive to a predetermined electrical condition of said system for varying the excitation of said last mentioned set 0i. poles so that the battery and generator can supply energy to said second translation circuit in multiple.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this twenty-third day of October, 1920.

ROBERT STECK. 

